Sunday, December 14, 2008

TEETH

*Teeth (singular,tooth) are small whitish structures found in the mouths of many vertebrates that are used to tear,scrape,milk and chew food.

*The roots of teeth are recovered by GUMS.

*MOLARS for chewing.

*CANINES for kill and tear meat.

*In humans,the first set (the "baby","milk","primary" or "deciduous" set) normally starts to appear at about 6MONTHS of age.

*Some babies are born with one or more visible teeth known as NEONATAL TEETH.

*Normal TOOTH eruption at about 6 months is known as TEETHING.

*THE BOTTOM TEETH are used for grinding of food and TOP FRONT TEETH are used for biting.

*Human usually have 20 PRIMARY TEETH (also called deciduous,baby or milk teeth) and 32 PERMANENT TEETH.

*Teeth are classified as INCIS0RS,CANINES and MOLARS.

*In the primary set of teeth,there are TWO types of INCIS0RS :
a)Centrals
b)Laterals.

*TWO types of MOLARS :
a)First
b)Second.

*All primary teeth are replaced with permanent counter parts except for MOLARS,which are replaced by permanent premolars.

*Section of a human MOLAR :
1.ENAMEL - hardest and most highly mineralized substance of the body and is one of the 4 major tissues which make up the tooth,along with DENTIN,CEMENTUM and DENTAL PULP.

2.DENTIN - Substance between ENAMEL or CEMENTUM and PULP CHAMBER.

3.CEMENTUM - Specialized bony substance covering the root of tooth.

4.PULP - The dental pulp is the central parts of the tooth filled with soft connective tissue.

*The tooth bud called TOOTH GERM.

*TOOTH ERUPTION - Process in tooth development in which the teeth enter the mouth and become visible.

*PLAQUE is a biofilm consisting of large quantities of various bacteria that form on teeth.
If not removed regularly,plaque build up can lead to DENTAL CAVITIES or PERIODONTAL PROBLEMS such as GINGIVITIS.

*Dental caries also described as "TOOTH DECAY" or "DENTAL CAVITIES" is an infectious disease which damages the structures of teeth.
The disease can lead to PAIN,TOOTH LOSS,INFECTION and DEATH.

*Tooth decay is caused by certain types of acid producing bacteria which cause the most damage in the presence of FERMENTABLE CARBOHYDRATES such as SUCROSE,FRUCTOSE and GLUC0SE.

*ORAL HYGIENE is the practice of keeping the mouth clean and preventing dental caries,gingivitis,periodontal disease,bad breath and other dental disorders.

*The purpose of cleaning teeth is to remove plaque which consists mostly of bacteria.

*Healthcare professionals recommend regularly brushing twice a day in order to prevent formation of plaque and tartar.

*A toothbrush is able to remove most plaque excepting areas between teeth.

*Flossing is considered as necessity to maintain oral hygiene.

*3 jenis bahan tampalan gigi :
1)AMALGAM - Tahan lama (lebih daripada 10 tahun)

2)COMPOSITE RESIN (tampalan sewarna gigi)

3)GLASS INONOMER CEMENT (GIC).

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